Sunday, April 3, 2016

Gene Variants that could Shorten Lifespans


Researchers from the University of Edinburgh in the UK have identified two gene variants that can take up to 3 years off an individuals life. Working out everyday and eating healthy may not always guarantee a longer expected lifespan due to an individuals predetermined genome.The identified gene variants occur on genes referred to as APOE and CHRNA3/5. These gene variants are carried, at least independently, by more than 2/3 of the global population. However, only 3 out of every 1000 individuals carry both gene variants within their genomes.The presence of both these gene variants was seen in the genomes of individuals who died earlier than their calculated life expectancy.

 Although these genes have correlating effects, they are found on very separate parts of the individuals genome. 
The reasons why these genes have these effects are not yet clear, however, both genes have been linked to differing medical conditions known to shorten lifespans. CHRNA3/5 has been linked to a higher predisposition for lung cancer and severe respiratory problems. APOE has been linked with high risk of Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, and high cholesterol. All of these medical ailments alone can cause a lifespan to be shortened, so when combined the effects are more severe. The APOE variant effects more women then men, while CHRNA3/5 effects more men then women. However, when seen together these genes can effect the individuals life regardless of sex. Contrary to the appearance of this article how long you live is not solely dependent on your predetermined genetics. Lifestyle factors like environment also play a role in lifespan. The role of genetics in an individuals lifespan is very complicated, and much is still unknown. I am interested to see if the discovery of these gene variants leads to the discovery of other lifespan gene effectors. Or if more research on the determining factors of a lifetime are performed. 

No comments:

Post a Comment