Acne is influenced by both genetics and lifestyle choices, but lifestyle alone cannot always override a strong genetic predisposition. Genetics can affect factors such as oil production, pore clogging, hormone sensitivity, and inflammation, making some people more prone to acne regardless of how healthy they eat or how consistent their skincare routine is. Acne is considered polygenic, meaning many genes contribute to its development. For example, genes involving androgen receptors (AR) can influence how strongly the skin responds to testosterone; increased sensitivity can lead to higher sebum production. Inflammatory genes such as TLR2 and TLR4 recognize acne-related bacteria, and variations in these genes can affect how strong the inflammatory response will be. Genes involved in keratinization also play a role in how severe acne may become by influencing pore blockage.
This does not mean maintaining a healthy lifestyle is pointless. Factors such as a balanced diet, stress management, and proper skincare products can help reduce breakouts and keep acne much more manageable, especially in mild cases. However, for severe acne, such as cystic acne, medical treatments may be necessary. Treatments such as benzoyl peroxide, doxycycline, and isotretinoin can be considered. Isotretinoin (formerly known as Accutane), one of the most effective and widely used treatments, is often prescribed when genetics strongly drive acne. It works by dramatically shrinking oil glands, reducing sebum production so pores are less likely to become clogged. In short, lifestyle choices can help manage acne, but they may not fully overcome strong genetic factors.
Link: https://biologyinsights.com/is-acne-inherited-from-your-mother-or-father/
Additonal Link: https://www.minarsdermatology.com/acne-and-genetics/
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