A Gene That May Predict Alzheimer’s Earlier Than Expected

 

  A recent study published by Alzheimer’s Research UK highlights how a specific gene, called APOE4, can strongly influence a person’s risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers found that individuals who inherit two copies of this gene, one from each parent, are much more likely to develop Alzheimer’s and often at a younger age than others.

    

    Alzheimer’s disease is not usually caused by just one factor. Instead, it results from a combination of age, lifestyle, environment, and genetics. There are two main types of genes involved: faulty genes, which directly cause rare early-onset Alzheimer’s, and risk genes, which increase the likelihood of developing the disease. APOE4 is considered the most important risk gene discovered so far.

    In this study, scientists analyzed medical records and brain samples from over 10,000 people across the U.S. and Europe. They found that nearly all individuals with two copies of APOE4 showed early biological signs of Alzheimer’s, such as abnormal amyloid protein levels in the brain, by age 55–65. Symptoms of the disease in these individuals typically appeared around age 65, which is about 7–10 years earlier than people with other versions of the gene.

    However, it’s important to note that having the APOE4 gene does not guarantee someone will develop Alzheimer’s. Many other factors, such as diet, exercise, heart health, and overall lifestyle, can influence risk. Because of this uncertainty, genetic testing for APOE4 is not widely recommended outside of research settings.

    This study is important because it helps scientists better understand how genetics contributes to Alzheimer’s disease. By identifying high risk groups earlier, researchers may be able to improve early detection and develop more targeted treatments in the future.

Article link: https://www.alzheimersresearchuk.org/news/inheriting-two-copies-of-apoe4-linked-to-risk-of-alzheimers-at-a-younger-age-study-suggests/

Additional Resource: https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/study-defines-major-genetic-form-alzheimers-disease