DNA Repair Could Lead to Better Cancer Treatment

Researchers from the University of Alberta have made a simple discovery which allows for better understanding to how DNA repairs itself.  DNA can become too damaged, which therefore can lead to cancer.  For years many scientists believed two key proteins involved in DNA repair operated in indetitcal ways.  Mark Glover and his team of researchers discovered that how the proteins actually operate and communicate is very different, which could lead to better cancer treatment.  A protein known as BRCA1 acts like a hallway monitor, constantly scanning DNA for damage.  Right when damage is detected, the protein figures out exactly what help is needed and signals other proteins for help.  Another protein called TopBP1 makes sure DNA can copy itself when needed and when problems occur with this process due to DNA damage, the protein also calls other proteins for help.  Glover states, "The two proteins may be related and look very similar, but their roles and the way they communicate are in fact very different, which was surprising to us.  Each protein plays a role in recognizing damaged regions of DNA, but the problem they each solve is different".  With this new information, it is possible that cancer treatments can become more advanced than ever before.  Glover also adds, "Maybe some of these ideas could ultimately translate into less radiation or chemotherapy needed for patients, if the treatment can be more targeted".  There is still much to be discovered and researched but this new information is a big step in the right direction in my opinion.   

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/265967.php
http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/dna-damage-repair-mechanisms-for-maintaining-dna-344